Compound
100 g of alcohol solution contains 1 or 2 grams of salicylic acid. 70% ethanol acts as an additional excipient.
100 g of ointment contains 2 or 3 grams of salicylic acid and up to 100 grams of petroleum jelly.
Release form
The pharmacological agent is available in the form:
- Alcohol solution in glass bottles of 25 or 40 ml
- The ointment is available in an aluminum tube or in dark jars
Indications
Salicylic acid can be used as monotherapy and complex action. In both cases it is able to treat the following conditions:
- Psoriasis.
- Ichthyosis.
- Seborrhea.
- Warts.
- Pimples.
- Acne.
- Burns.
- Wound surface.
- High sweating of the lower extremities.
- Calluses, corns.
- Hair loss.
- Thickening of the stratum corneum of the epidermis.
Instructions for use
The instructions attached to the pharmaceutical product indicate that it should be used externally; the affected surface should be treated twice a day.
The medication must be applied to the skin using a cotton swab. 5 ml of medicinal solution is enough to treat an area approximately the size of the palm of your hand.
The permissible dosage for adult patients is 2 g per day, for children it is 0.2 g per day.
The treatment course should not last longer than a week.
For painful manifestations in the ear, it is necessary to instill 6 drops of the medicinal solution into the diseased organ 2 times a day.
For acne use 1% Salicylic acid, 2-3% infusion is suitable for people with oily skin. If there are several pimples, the solution must be applied separately to each of them. When there is a lot of acne, it is necessary to wipe the facial skin with a cotton swab dipped in a solution of Salicylic acid. However, treatment with the drug is not recommended for people with dry skin.
The treatment procedure must be carried out until a slight tingling sensation begins in the skin. After the session, you can wash your face with water, this will help neutralize the effect of the acid.
2% Salicylic acid in the form of an ointment is used for:
- ichthyosis
- psoriasis
- seborrhea
- Devergie's disease
If the inflammatory processes progress, it is necessary to dilute the ointment with Vaseline. The procedure can be performed 1-2 times per day.
After the peeling disappears, therapy is continued using other means.
Apply a thin layer of ointment to the damaged surface. After the treated surface is covered with sterile gauze, you can also put a napkin soaked in ointment on the wound.
Before applying a therapeutic bandage, you need to open the blisters and clean the wound of necrotic tissue, do not forget to treat it with an antiseptic.
The dressings must be changed every 2 days until the wound is completely cleared of damaged tissue. The duration of therapy can vary up to 3 weeks.
Pharmacological effect
The medicine is intended for local use. The therapeutic effect is determined by anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, keratolytic, distracting and drying effects.
At a high concentration of salicylic acid, the drug has an inhibitory effect on microbial proteins. Has a high effect on nerve receptors. Helps reduce pain, improves tissue nutrition and effectively fights the causes of pathologies.
As a result of the high content of the active substance, there is an effect on the sebaceous and sweat glands. Therefore, it is active for the treatment of seborrhea, pimples, acne, and also for the care of oily skin types.
At low concentrations, salicylic acid has a weak antimicrobial effect. Since it belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it has a number of therapeutic properties:
- Relieves tissue swelling.
- Stops itching.
- Has a vasoconstrictor effect.
- Suppresses the inflammatory process.
The drug is able to delicately remove the top layer of skin, promoting its further regeneration. Salicylic acid normalizes the structure of cell membranes, cleanses and narrows pores, and organizes the outflow of sebaceous secretions. Therefore, it is considered an essential medicine against burns, dandruff, wounds and other dermatological diseases.
When used externally, the therapeutic effect is observed after 3-5 hours. Excreted by the kidneys, unchanged in the amount of 6%.
Interaction
The pharmaceutical agent increases the permeability of the skin to other drugs for external use, thereby enhancing their absorption.
Absorbed salicylic acid provokes negative effects:
- sulfonylurea derivatives
- antidiabetic drugs
- methotrexate
The solution cannot be used in conjunction with Resorcinol, zinc oxide.
Salicylic acid can be purchased without a prescription from your doctor. The medicinal solution can be stored for 3 years, and the ointment for 2 years.
special instructions
What is salicylic acid?
The Pharmacopoeia describes salicylic acid as an odorless, slightly soluble substance in cold water, which can take the form of colorless and odorless needle crystals or white crystalline powder.
The structural formula of salicylic acid is
The empirical formula is C7H603. The systematic name of the compound is 2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Receipt
The substance was first isolated in 1838 from willow bark. Hence its traditional name - salicylic acid: in Latin the word “willow” sounds like “salix”. The discovery belongs to the Italian chemist R. Piria.
glycoside salicin contained in willow bark into 2 parts, reveal that its acidic component (salicylic acid) has valuable medicinal properties, determine its chemical composition and successfully synthesize it. This can be considered the first purification of the substance, which served as the impetus for the development of the drug Aspirin .
Samples of acetylsalicylic acid suitable for medical use (chemically pure and in a stable form) were first obtained on August 10, 1897 by the German scientist F. Hoffmann.
Salicylic acid derivatives are methyl salicylate , lysine acetylsalicylate , acetylsalicylic acid , salicylamide , mesalazine , choline and sodium salicylates .
Chemical properties
The chemical properties of the compound are due to the presence of a phenolic hydroxyl, a benzene ring and a carboxyl group in the salicylic acid molecule.
Only the carboxyl group reacts with alkali metal carbonates. As a result, salts are formed - salicylates.
With alkalis, if there is a sufficient amount of them, both the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups react.
When an acid is exposed to alcohols (for example, methyl alcohol) in the presence of mineral acids, esters are formed at the COOH group.
When a substance reacts with anhydrides or acid halides, phenolic hydroxyl reacts. The reaction of salicylic acid (s. acid) with the anhydride or chloanhydride of acetic (ethanoic) acid produces acetylsalicylic acid .
When interacting with phosphoryl chloride, salicylic acid chloride is formed.
If the resulting acid chloride reacts with phenol, salicylic acid phenyl ester is obtained, which is used in medicine as a disinfectant. The main feature of the product is that it does not undergo hydrolysis in the acidic environment of the stomach and disintegrates only in the intestinal tract.
For industrial production of salol c. the acid and phenol are heated in phosphoryl chloride.
The benzene ring of the compound can enter into SE reactions with H2SO4, HNO3, halogens and other electrophilic reagents. The influence of the OH group makes the aromatic ring c. the acid is significantly more active in these reactions in comparison with the benzene ring C₆H₅COOH (benzoic acid).
C. acid easily interacts with an aqueous solution of bromine, while C₆H₅COOH does not decolorize bromine water under similar conditions.
To obtain n-aminosalicylic acid ( PAS ), which is one of the most significant derivatives of c. resorcinol is used as the starting material . First, resorcinol is treated with ammonia (NH3), which makes it possible to obtain meta-aminophenol. The meta-aminophenol is then carboxylated into PAS via the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction.
Physical properties
The powder/crystals are sparingly soluble in cold water, but readily soluble in hot water, diethyl ether, ethanol. Slightly soluble in carbon disulfide. Solubility in water (g/l): 0 °C; 20 °C - 1.8; 60 °C - 8.2; 80 °C - 20.5.
Qualitative reactions for the determination of salicylic acid
S. acid and most of its derivatives give an intense purple color with iron salts Fe+3 (ferric iron). To carry out the reaction, take a small amount of powder. acid and drop a little highly diluted solution of Fe+3 chloride onto it.
Solution s. acid, to which a few drops of copper sulfate (Cu2SO4) were added, when heated, gives a bright emerald green color.
You can also use Cobert's reagent to detect the substance. To prepare it, carefully add 3 drops of formaldehyde to 3 ml of concentrated H2SO4.
A little salicylic acid is placed on a glass slide, after which 2 drops of H2SO4 and, after a few minutes, 1 drop of Cobert’s reagent are added. As a result of this reaction, the powder should turn pink.
Why is salicylic acid needed in cosmetology?
Salicylic acid has long been used very successfully in cosmetology. It has antibacterial properties, treats inflammatory skin lesions well, dries it out, but does not cause irritation.
The effectiveness of using salicylic acid for the face is due to the keratolytic properties of the drug - the product perfectly exfoliates layers of old keratinized skin cells, penetrates deep into the pores and eliminates blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands , thereby helping to get rid of blackheads and acne .
In addition, the drug is used:
- for peeling;
- against ingrown hairs;
- from calluses;
- as an exfoliant for heels;
- from warts;
- from corns.
Salicylic acid for acne should be taken at a one percent (maximum two percent) concentration. Using a solution that is too concentrated can cause severe irritation.
It should be remembered that salicylic acid solution for acne is only suitable for people with normal and oily skin. People with dry and flaky skin are not recommended to use this product.
Some try to reduce the severity of these phenomena by applying a nourishing cream to the skin after using the alcohol solution. However, treatment in this case will most likely not be effective enough: the greasy film will create a protective barrier for microbes, and this, in turn, will not eliminate inflammation.
Reviews indicate that using a solution with salicylic acid for acne gives an excellent, but short-term result. Usually, after a couple of months of using the product for the face and body, the skin “gets used” to it. Therefore, it is necessary to take short breaks between courses of treatment.
If there are few acne, the solution is applied pointwise. If the affected area is large, wipe the problem areas with a swab soaked in the product. It is better to take several tampons so as not to spread the infection.
Salicylic acid can be used both as an independent remedy and as part of various talkers. To prepare them, Levomycetin , Streptocide , Camphor alcohol , calendula tincture , Trichopolum , Erythromycin , zinc oxide, sulfur, and boric acid solution are added to salicylic acid .
Popular recipes for homemade anti-acne mash:
- 50 ml of salicylic acid solution, streptocide (7 g), ground into powder, 7 g of sulfur and 50 ml of boric acid solution ;
- a pack of aspirin , a pack of chloramphenicol , calendula tincture (the mixture is infused for 24 hours before use);
- 10 tablets of streptocide , 4 tablets of chloramphenicol , 30 ml of salicylic acid , 80 ml of camphor alcohol ;
- 1 bottle of salicylic alcohol , 2 tablets of chloramphenicol and trichopolum .
All shakers should be shaken well before use.
In order for the effect to be sustainable, in addition to local acne treatment, it is recommended:
- review your diet and make it more balanced;
- get rid of bad habits that adversely affect the condition of the skin;
- undergo a course of hormone therapy;
- take care of your skin regularly;
- to live an active lifestyle.
In cosmetology, salicylic acid can also be used as the main agent in peeling compositions. The procedure allows not only to remove a layer of dead cells, but also to start the processes of elastin and collagen .
The procedure allows you to eliminate signs of aging, acne, comedones, oily shine, get rid of age spots, even out skin tone and make your face smoother and fresher. Peeling can be used on any part of the body.
Peeling mixtures with salicylic acid come in 2 types: paste and solution. The solution is more suitable for facial skin, but the paste is recommended to be applied to the skin of the hands, body and knees.
Peeling can be superficial or superficial-medium. In the first case, a mixture with a 15% concentration of the active substance is used, in the second - with a 30% concentration. Superficial peeling allows you to get rid of oily shine and rashes, clean clogged pores and normalize the functioning of the sebaceous glands; superficial-medium peeling is effective for eliminating acne and post-acne .
To carry out the procedure at home, you need to mix 4 aspirin (uncoated) ground into powder with 1 teaspoon of freshly squeezed lemon juice. The resulting paste is applied to the face with a cotton swab, avoiding the skin around the eyes, and left for 10 minutes.
To remove the mask, soak a cotton pad in water and soda (baking soda neutralizes the acidity of the skin) and wipe the face along the massage lines.
In dermatological practice, various pastes and creams with salicylic acid are widely used, which, in addition to the active component, contain microelements that enhance its effect. For example, Sulfur-salicylic ointment not only allows you to thoroughly cleanse the skin of acne, but also effectively fights Demodex .
For ingrown hairs use a 1-2% solution. To get rid of the problem, it is enough to lubricate the areas of the body where hairs cannot penetrate the epidermis layer and grow under the skin with the solution every day, several times a day.
For calluses and corns, salicylic acid is best used in the form of a 10% ointment. For dry calluses, corns and calluses, it is also advisable to use a callus patch with salicylic acid.
Before attaching a patch to the callus, the feet should be steamed well (with the addition of an antibacterial agent) and wiped dry. Cover the sore spot with a piece of plaster of the required size and leave it for 2 days. If this is necessary, the procedure is repeated 3-4 times until the callus softens and separates completely.
Before applying the ointment, the steps are the same - steam your feet and wipe them dry. Then a patch with a hole cut in the middle is applied to the sore spot. This should be done in such a way that the callus/corns is exposed, and the areas of healthy skin surrounding it remain under the patch.
The callused area is generously treated with ointment and covered with a layer of plaster.
For heels, salicylic acid is used with beeswax and paraffin. Wax and paraffin taken in equal proportions are melted in a water bath, then salicylic acid is added to them and mixed thoroughly. The prepared mixture is applied in several layers to the heels and socks are put on. It is best to leave the compress overnight.
In the morning, the heels are cleaned of the wax-paraffin mixture. After this, it is recommended to take a soda bath and clean the skin with pumice.
To completely get rid of cracked feet, several procedures are usually enough.
Treatment of warts involves the use of salicylic acid with a concentration of 10 to 60%. Salicylic acid for warts is used in the form of ointments, solutions and special patches. One of these products is the Salipod patch , which contains salicylic acid in a 30% concentration.
Before applying the solution, you should steam the area of skin where the tumor has appeared. This will soften the skin and enhance the effect of using the drug. The procedure is carried out before bedtime, applying the medicine directly to the affected area and avoiding areas of healthy skin. After treatment, the wart is covered with a bandage or plaster. In the morning, wash off the product.
With long-term use, the papilloma will soften under the action of acid and can be easily removed with pumice.
Ointment for removing warts is used on the same principle as the solution: before going to bed, the affected area of the skin is steamed, after which a thin layer of the drug is applied to the wart and covered with a bandage. In the morning, the wart is treated with pumice.
Treatment should be continued until the growths completely disappear.
The most convenient method of treating warts is to use a patch. It is enough to simply stick it on previously steamed and towel-dried skin. After 2 days, the patch is removed, and the softened wart is carefully removed with a pumice stone. The procedures are repeated until the wart .
Precautionary measures
The solution and ointment should not be applied to birthmarks, mucous membranes, hairy warts , or warts located on the face or genital area.
If the drug gets on the mucous membranes, the corresponding area must be rinsed with plenty of water.
Absorption of the substance may be increased in case of skin diseases that occur with superficial weeping lesions, hyperemia and/or inflammation (including psoriatic erythroderma ).
Why is Salicylic acid needed in cosmetology?
Salicylic acid is widely used in cosmetology. After all, it has antibacterial properties and perfectly treats inflammatory skin pathologies. Its use does not cause any irritating effect.
With the help of a pharmaceutical product you can get rid of acne and blackheads. This effect is achieved thanks to the keratolytic properties of the drug. Salicylic acid “removes” old keratinized skin cells well, penetrates deep into the pores and eliminates blockage of the sebaceous glands.
In addition, the medication is used:
- for calluses
- for peeling
- from corns
- for warts
- for cleansing heels
Precautionary measures
Do not apply ointment and solution to:
- mucous membranes
- birthmarks
- pilar warts
- warts located near the genitals and on the face
If the pharmaceutical product accidentally gets on the mucous membranes, the area should be thoroughly rinsed with water.
In the presence of skin pathologies that occur with external lesions, the absorption of the medication is enhanced.
Pharmacology
Salicylic acid can be bought at a pharmacy and has the following properties:
- has an antibacterial effect;
- reduces inflammation;
- relieves itching and swelling of tissues;
- helps cleanse infected and purulent wounds, suppresses pathogenic microflora;
- regulates the activity of sweat and sebaceous glands (narrows pores, accelerates the outflow of sebum);
- penetrates deeply into the layers of the skin;
- has a keratolytic effect, gently exfoliates keratinized areas and promotes rapid tissue regeneration;
- used as a local distraction and irritant.
Contraindications
Like any medication, salicylic alcohol has its own contraindications for use:
- hypersensitivity to components;
- allergy to salicylic acid;
- bearing a child (pregnancy);
- breastfeeding (lactation);
- renal or liver failure;
- infancy;
- open wound surfaces;
- intolerance to the drug.
It is important to know that salicylic acid can be used for cosmetic purposes only if you have oily or combination skin. For people with skin prone to dryness, it is better to choose another product. When using salicylic acid, it is necessary to take into account that the described medication does not interact with all medications. For this reason, you should resort to treatment with this drug only after consulting a dermatologist.
Analogs
Level 4 ATX code matches:
Mikonorm
Undecin
Gentian violet
Zinkundan
Exoderil
Exiter
Batrafen
Lotseril
Lamisil Dermgel
Lamisil Uno
Lamisil
Salicylic ointment
Keto Plus
Exifin
Fungoterbin
Mycoseptin
Thermikon
Nitrofungin
Sulsena
Baziron AS
Verrucatsid , Urgokor , Duofilm , Mozolin , Koplomak , Anti-callus ointment , Solcoderm , Sulfur-salicylic ointment .
