A burning sensation in the chest is a clinical manifestation of a number of pathological conditions. The rib cage (or, as it is also called, the chest) is a part of the body that contains the entire chest cavity and the upper component of the peritoneum. They are a “receptacle” for vital human organs. Discomfort in them often signals the presence of pathologies of the heart, liver, gastrointestinal tract or lungs.
You can get rid of this symptom forever only by identifying its initiating factor. To do this, you need to seek professional advice. The specialist with whom you make an appointment will conduct an examination and prescribe appropriate diagnostic tests, thanks to which it will be possible to accurately diagnose, determine a treatment strategy and begin to implement it.
Symptoms and treatment of allergic bronchitis in adults
Allergic bronchitis in adults and children develops as a result of contact with an allergen, which, once in the body, provokes an inadequate immune response of the defense system. Under the influence of an irritating factor, nerve endings are excited, blood tissues expand, muscles contract, which is accompanied by a strong, dry cough, profuse lacrimation, and a disturbance in general well-being.
In order for the treatment of allergic bronchitis in children and adults to be effective and the disease not to recur, it is first necessary to determine the source of the irritation. To do this, you need to consult an allergist who, based on the results of a comprehensive diagnostic examination, will identify the allergen, prescribe treatment and a special diet. It will not be possible to completely get rid of the disease, therefore, in the presence of predisposing factors, bronchitis of an allergic nature will worsen.
Which doctor should I contact if I have a burning sensation in my chest?
Regular repetitions of this symptom are a reason to contact a therapist. He will conduct an examination, collect anamnesis, ask questions that interest him - and either prescribe treatment or refer him to:
- gastroenterologist - if gastrointestinal diseases are suspected;
- orthopedist - if osteochondrosis is suspected;
- neurologist - if osteochondrosis is suspected;
- cardiologist - if you suspect diseases of the cardiovascular system.
They, in turn, will prescribe diagnostic tests to make an accurate diagnosis.
Predisposing factors
Allergic bronchitis, the symptoms of which in adults and children are almost identical, usually proceeds according to a certain pattern. Penetration of a foreign allergen protein into the body provokes an inadequate immune response, which is manifested by profuse lacrimation, sneezing, and coughing. If the irritant is not promptly eliminated and the symptoms progress, reserve protection is activated, accompanied by hyperspasm of the bronchial tree and swelling of the ciliated mucosa that lines the internal respiratory organs.
As a result of constant irritation, the lung tissue begins to produce thick mucus, which gradually accumulates in the alveoli and becomes a source of bacterial infection. Stagnation and infection of mucus in the bronchi is the main cause of allergic bronchitis.
If a person has a strong immune system and good health, infection of bronchial tissues rarely occurs. The defense system quickly destroys the infection, preventing it from actively multiplying and spreading to healthy structures. But if the immune system is weakened and a person is prone to allergies, then under the influence of predisposing factors the risk of developing allergic bronchitis increases significantly.
Reasons that provoke the development of bronchitis of an allergic nature:
- abuse of bad habits;
- congenital or acquired immunodeficiency;
- unbalanced diet;
- passive smoking;
- living in an unfavorable environmental environment;
- uncontrolled use of drugs;
- lack of competent treatment for allergic diseases;
- inactive lifestyle;
- use of bedding with natural fillings: down, feathers;
- work with industrial hazards, involving constant contact with chemical or organic substances.
For a long time, the immune system can suppress a foreign irritant that regularly penetrates the body, so a person will not suspect a tendency to allergies. But at a certain point, all the predisposing factors converge at one point, as a result of which a serious disease begins to progress sharply, the consequences of which sometimes have to be fought throughout life.
Diseases that cause burning in the chest
Only a doctor who has everything necessary for diagnosis can identify the cause of a burning sensation in the chest in the middle, right or left. You should not engage in self-diagnosis, as it is fraught with the risk of complications.
| Diseases | Triggering factors |
| Hearts | Sharp pain and burning in the chest near the heart may be a sign of a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. This occurs with the following diseases:
|
| Liver | Experts identify a number of diseases of the liver and biliary tract, the symptoms of which are manifested by a burning sensation in the sternum. These include:
Other clinical manifestations of the above diseases are as follows:
|
| Gastrointestinal tract | A phenomenon such as heartburn always leads to a burning sensation and pain symptoms due to irritation of the walls of the esophagus by gastric juice. As for diseases, one of the symptoms of which is a burning sensation in the chest, they are as follows:
|
| Intercostal neuralgia | It is a pain syndrome that develops as a result of damage to the intercostal nerves due to various reasons, ranging from compression to infection or intoxication. This syndrome is a sign that the patient has diseases of the organs of the chest wall, mediastinum, and spinal cord. Clinical manifestations are as follows:
|
| Pneumonia | Acute inflammatory infectious lesion of the lungs, which can be lobar or focal. Symptoms of the first include a cough, a sharp increase in temperature, burning and pain in the sternum, and weakness. As for the second, its onset is hardly noticeable; it appears after acute respiratory diseases. Clinical manifestations in addition to pain on inspiration, shortness of breath, cyanosis, wet cough. |
| Scoliosis | Persistent sideways curvature of the spinal column relative to its axis. A burning sensation in the chest occurs due to the fact that with this disease, abrasion of the intervertebral discs and compression of the nerve endings occurs, which provokes serious discomfort. |
| Intercostal myositis | Inflammatory processes of skeletal muscles located between the ribs. On palpation, pain symptoms appear along the entire intercostal space. Experts identify three pain points: the spinal column, the sternum and its lateral surface. In addition, there is swelling of the affected part, redness or, conversely, paleness of the skin, sore throat, cough and headache. |
How does the disease manifest itself?
Allergic bronchitis causes acute symptoms in adults, so it is better not to self-medicate and visit a doctor as soon as possible. After contact with an allergenic irritant, the following clinical picture develops:
- Dry, unproductive cough. As a result of irritation and swelling of the mucous membrane, a person suffers from a barking, scratchy, unproductive cough. Sputum does not come out well, sometimes there is none at all. The patient cannot cough well and feels discomfort in the chest. A dry cough can get worse at night, preventing a person from getting a good night's sleep and rest.
- Expiratory dyspnea. In the initial stages of development of bronchitis of an allergic nature, shortness of breath does not bother you. However, as mucus accumulates in the bronchi, breathing problems appear. The patient cannot take a full breath and complains of pain in the chest.
- Swelling of the mucous membrane. An allergen, having entered the body through the respiratory system, first of all causes irritation of the mucous membrane. Therefore, in addition to a dry cough, a person may be bothered by excessive lacrimation, runny nose, swelling of the nasopharynx, and allergic conjunctivitis.
Prolonged coughing attacks and breathing problems cause the development of non-specific symptoms:
- weakness, lethargy;
- headaches, dizziness;
- sore throat, hoarse voice.
On average, the exacerbation period lasts 3–4 days. After this, acute symptoms gradually disappear, and the disease goes into remission. Allergic bronchitis, which is not treated or treated incorrectly, can lead to the development of severe complications, such as:
- pneumonia;
- bronchial asthma;
- damage to the walls of the bronchi;
- pulmonary emphysema;
- respiratory, heart failure;
- embolism;
- pneumosclerosis.
Physiological causes of burning in the chest
Experts identify a number of initiating factors for such a phenomenon as a burning sensation in the chest. The most common of these is poor diet, including fatty, spicy, salty foods, carbonated water and fast food, along with frequent overeating or eating food before bed.
The above leads to the contents of the stomach entering the esophagus, where it irritates the mucous membrane, which causes discomfort. They are accompanied by nausea, heartburn and belching, as well as bloating. In order to exclude this, it is enough to change your diet by minimizing the above-mentioned foods, optimizing portion sizes and eliminating the consumption of food before bedtime.
The same can be said about excessive consumption of coffee and alcoholic beverages, as well as smoking. All of them can cause a burning sensation in the chest, which will stop as soon as their consumption is reduced to a reasonable limit. It is important to understand that it is not the norm and its appearance is a reason to visit a doctor.
A number of reasons are associated with diseases of the cardiovascular system, characterized by the inability of blood vessels to provide the heart with a sufficient volume of oxygen. This occurs with ischemia, which is manifested by a local decrease in blood supply due to narrowing or blockage of the arteries, due to which the most important organ of the human body suffers.
Do not forget about neurological factors, when a burning sensation occurs due to compression or damage to the nerve ending or in stressful situations, with neuropsychiatric disorders. In addition, it can be caused by pathological conditions characterized by damage to the bronchial mucosa or trachea.
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Treatment of allergic bronchitis
Allergic bronchitis symptoms and treatment in adults is carried out after a comprehensive diagnostic examination. The diagnosis is made on the basis of an initial examination of the patient, a detailed study of the medical history, and laboratory and instrumental diagnostic examinations.
To identify the inflammatory process in the bronchi, the doctor gives directions for the following procedures:
- general blood analysis;
- bacteriological culture of sputum;
- chest x-ray;
- spirometry.
It is also important to identify the allergen, because without eliminating it, drug treatment will not bring the desired results and upon subsequent contact with the irritant, the disease will recur.
To identify the pathogen, the following procedures are prescribed:
- allergy tests;
- blood test for immunoglobulins;
- immunoblotting.
A person prone to allergic reactions must exclude from life all factors that provoke an acute immune response:
- dust;
- animals;
- clothes made from natural wool;
- bedding with fillings such as down and feathers;
- some products, for example, honey, citrus fruits, chocolate, etc.;
- aggressive hygiene and washing products;
- some medicines.
If the allergen is no longer present in a person's life, the risk of recurrence of allergic bronchitis will be minimized. To prevent exacerbations, it is important to follow the rules of a healthy lifestyle:
- give up bad habits such as alcohol, cigarettes;
- improve nutrition;
- give preference to active pastime to a sedentary lifestyle;
- undergo sanatorium-resort treatment once a year;
- eliminate the stress factor.
To relieve the pathological symptoms of bronchitis of an allergic nature, certain groups of medications are prescribed:
- Antihistamines. They block the histamine receptor, stopping the acute immune response to a foreign protein.
- Expectorants, mucolytics. The drugs dilute the secretion and accelerate its removal from the bronchi. Mucoltics are used to thin the cough, and after the cough becomes productive, the doctor prescribes expectorants. There are new generation medications that combine the effects of mucolytics and expectorants.
- Glucocorticoids. They are prescribed only in exceptional situations when attacks of allergic bronchitis cannot be controlled with the above medications. Drugs in this group have anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects, help relieve swelling, and reduce vascular permeability. The course of therapy and dose are determined by the doctor individually. Including glucocorticosteroids into your treatment regimen on your own is fraught with negative consequences and complications.
- Sedatives. Some patients who have experienced attacks of allergic bronchitis are terrified of their recurrence. They are worried about the fear of death from suffocation, panic attacks at the slightest breathing problems. To make you feel better and reduce psycho-emotional stress, the doctor will prescribe sedatives.
In order for drug therapy to give the most positive effect, it is recommended to additionally follow simple measures to prevent the disease:
- change bed linen daily and do wet cleaning of the room;
- try to completely eliminate contact with allergens, including aggressive hygiene products, powders, and detergents;
- ventilate the room several times a day;
- remove objects that collect dust from the room: carpets, upholstered furniture and toys, books, curtains;
- try not to contact pets.
A healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition, giving up bad habits and eliminating irritating factors will help avoid exacerbation of allergies, the development of allergic bronchitis and its complications.
Make an appointment with a doctor
Preventive actions
In order to prevent the development of this unpleasant symptom, you need to take a number of measures:
- Treat inflammatory processes in a timely and correct manner;
- Eat right, minimize the consumption of salty, spicy, excessively fatty foods;
- To live an active lifestyle;
- Avoid stressful situations;
- Follow a daily routine, set aside enough time for sleep;
- Regularly undergo preventive examinations.
Don't forget: a burning sensation in the sternum can be a sign of serious illness. Its occurrence is a reason to seek professional medical help!
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Cost of treatment for allergic bronchitis
The cost of treatment for allergic bronchitis for each patient is calculated individually, taking into account factors such as:
- degree of neglect of the pathology;
- presence of associated complications
- duration of therapy, etc.
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