Treatment of age spots on the face: how to get rid of age-related pigmentation

Age spots are dark spots that range in color from light brown to dark brown. They appear for several reasons, including: the effects of sunburn, age-related changes, abuse of cosmetics, hormonal changes, side effects from medications.

Typically, age spots are considered an aesthetic defect. In most cases, age spots cause dry skin, increased wrinkles and dilated blood vessels. Although age spots are not malignant neoplasms, they serve as an excellent camouflage for the latter (since it is almost impossible to see a neoplasm in the area of ​​an age spot with the naked eye).

Many people try in different ways to get rid of age spots , in this article we will look at: types of age spots, methods of getting rid of them, the need to consult a doctor (in this case an endocrinologist), the effectiveness of procedures and contraindications.

Pigment spot - what is it?

Skin color is a completely natural quality, and it occurs thanks to a special substance called melanin. Depending on many factors, it may be more or less, and it serves to protect the skin from direct exposure to ultraviolet rays. When light hits the surface, it is captured by special molecules and transported to the upper layers of the dermis, absorbing excess radiation and preventing its further penetration.

Sometimes this well-functioning and complex system malfunctions, and then melanin synthesis is disrupted. Unsightly defects appear in the form of darkening (hyper) or highlighting (hypo). In the world, this problem is indeed widespread, because more than half of the inhabitants of our planet note the presence of such phenomena. Is it possible to fight pigmentation and how to quickly get rid of age spots from the sun on the face and not only?

Contrary to popular belief, defects must always be kept under control, for which purpose it is first necessary to find out the reasons for their occurrence. They can seriously spoil the appearance, but this is not the main problem. With unfavorable development, an unsightly darkening can degenerate into a malignant neoplasm called melanoma. Then long and painful treatment procedures cannot be avoided.

Determining the nature of the formation usually requires clarification of certain factors:

• The presence of an inflammatory process.
• Depth.
• Color intensity.
• Extent of distribution.

Only a competent and experienced dermatologist with the proper level of knowledge and appropriate equipment can find out all these points. Therefore, before you figure out what to do and what helps with severe pigmentation on the face from the sun, even surgical removal, you must do all the research, take tests and tests.

How is it formed

Every person from birth has a genetically determined skin color - the so-called permanent pigment.
When exposed to external and internal factors, an additional one is produced, which can be either a temporary physiological phenomenon (natural tanning) or a pathological one, difficult to remove even with special lasers (lentigo, vitiligo, etc.). The formation mechanism itself occurs in the epidermal layer. Here are located keratinocytes - epidermal cells. Their life cycle is up to 60 days, so they are constantly updated. To protect young and vulnerable cellular structures from sun exposure, melanocytes exist. They belong to the nervous system and are called upon to produce melanin, which absorbs ultraviolet radiation.

If the body is healthy, there is no overdose of solar radiation, melanocytes will produce a sufficient amount of protection. However, if there are failures, the “protectors” begin to be distributed unevenly, which leads to the formation of hyperpigmented areas.

Kinds

There are several different types of violations that are worth discussing in a little more detail.

Freckles (ephelids)

They can be exclusively a defect located on the cheeks, forehead and nose, and also cover the entire body. These are small limited spots, mostly brownish, yellow or brownish-brown, usually round in shape. Most often found in boys and girls with blond or red hair. It is easy to recognize such formations by the following signs:

• They first appear from about 3 to 6-7 years of age, and by maturity they can disappear completely.
• In summer and spring they are very noticeable, and in cold weather they become much paler.
• They become darker in color from exposure to the sun.
• They concentrate on open areas of the body, but can also occur under clothing.

They pose absolutely no threat to health, and are sometimes considered not even a flaw, but an advantage, a highlight of appearance.

Super thin injection needles Nanoneedle

Curacen Essence (20 fl x 2 ml)

Nanoneedles with ultra-thin walls 30G

Nanoneedles with ultra-thin walls 33G

Nanoneedles with ultra-thin walls 34G

Chloasma

They are much larger and irregular in shape, located in the face and neck area. They have a light golden, yellow, brown or brown tint. They do not have additional volume, that is, they do not rise above the surface of the dermis. Mostly they are placed separately, but sometimes they merge into one larger spot. They can occur both at a young and at a more mature age.

Some believe that this type of pigmentation appears exclusively during pregnancy, but this is only one of many reasons. Chloasma can also be diagnosed from taking oral contraceptives, from hormonal imbalances of any etiology, from cosmetic procedures or certain medications, from the sun, or inherited.

Nevi

Such formations are mostly benign, and the common people usually affectionately call them moles. They can be congenital or appear over time. Colors range from light yellow or beige (flesh) to dark brown, almost black. Sometimes they change color over the years, and the sizes are also different. The surface of nevi can be smooth or rough, and hair can also grow on it.

In the vast majority of cases, no removal is implied, but sometimes there are objective reasons for this. If nevi constantly get in the way, rub against clothes, stand out unattractively in the most visible place, then many people think about how to cure and remove such age spots on the forehead, cheek, nose and neck, or other parts of the body.

Cucumber mask

Thanks to its unique composition, the vegetable perfectly moisturizes, brightens the skin, and has a general rejuvenating and anti-inflammatory effect.

There are many recipes for homemade cosmetics based on cucumber. Here are some of them:

• Mix two tablespoons of grated vegetable with a teaspoon of honey. This mask helps to remove even age spots on the face;
• 2 tbsp. combine cucumber pulp with 1 tsp. lemon juice. This mask is not suitable for sensitive skin.

With regular application of such masks, pimples will disappear, peeling, and wrinkles will smooth out. An additional advantage of using cucumber will be the removal of puffiness and dark circles under the eyes.

Age requirements

The most popular reason for the appearance of unsightly dark or light areas is age. The dermis becomes less elastic, pliable, it becomes thinner, loses its natural elasticity, and becomes covered with unwanted formations that have different “dislocations”:

• face;
• breast;
• neck;
• neckline;
• hands;
• legs;
• back.

Neither the shape, nor the quantity, nor the color of such manifestations depend in any way on skin tone or exposure to ultraviolet radiation. In women, pigments often appear after menopause, when the body undergoes powerful hormonal changes. In such cases, a good solution would be the active drug Curacen, which not only prevents the development of both small and large wrinkles, smoothes and cleanses, and eliminates age-related darkening.

Hair and eye coloring

Few people know that the color of the iris also directly depends on the amount produced, the depth of occurrence and the total mass of the main coloring pigment. The shade of the iris becomes darker when there is more melanin in the body and vice versa.

The situation with hair is approximately the same; the lighter it is, the fewer compounds are produced. Over the course of life, due to various internal and external circumstances, its release may intensify or subside due to various pathological or physical phenomena.

Main reasons

If age spots from the sun appear on the face, many are interested in what helps, what to treat and what to do, but first of all you should find out what caused them.

I Heredity

This is the most common option. Even our distant ancestors often found their relatives based on similar characteristics. Information is recorded in the DNA code and passed from parents to children.

II Disorders due to hormonal changes

The dermis is not only the largest organ of the human body, but also completely dependent on hormones. Primarily sex hormones - estrogen and testosterone, as well as those produced by the pituitary gland - adrenocorticotropin, thyrotropin and somatotropin. When exposed to ultraviolet rays, they initiate a chain reaction, resulting in an unsightly dark area.

What makes the problem worse

• Taking a variety of drugs that affect hormones, including contraceptives.
• Processes during menopause.
• Pregnancy and lactation.
• Phases of the ovulation cycle in women.
• Teenage "hormonal storm".

III Diseases

Often, our epidermis becomes an indicator of health, which many simply do not pay attention to, and then think about how to remove and how to quickly remove age spots from the face, and what kind of cleansing is more suitable. Diseases that have prerequisites for the appearance of spots:

• Bacterial as well as viral infections.
• Endocrine pathologies (hypothyroidism, diabetes of any type, etc.).
• Kidney failure.
• Fungi.
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver.
• Hypovitaminosis, hypervitaminosis.
• Violation of metabolic processes.
• Parasites.
• Sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS.

IV Peeling and other cosmetic procedures

Sometimes some manipulations for “beauty enhancement” can also affect the appearance of pigments. There are several prerequisites for this: injury or stimulation of inflammation. Therefore, it is extremely important to first diagnose the nature of the spots and only then contact a cosmetologist.

V Acne

Experts say that even the slightest mechanical damage can cause the development of pigmentation. If you squeeze out a pimple, the stratum corneum will inevitably be damaged. If you do not protect it with anything and do not use restorative agents, then it is likely that a small brown area will remain there.

Lentigo

The phenomenon is popularly known as “senile ripples.” Appears in older people in areas of the body that have been exposed to intense ultraviolet rays throughout their lives. The pigment usually appears on the arms from the hands to the top of the shoulders, upper back, décolleté, and face. It is distinguished by its small size, different diameters and chaotic arrangement of spots.

The first manifestations can be noticed after 40 years; they noticeably age the appearance, so many people at this stage turn to cosmetologists to eliminate the defect. During menopause, hormonal changes lead to an increase in the amount of pigment. Chemical, mechanical and laser peels are used for treatment. Cosmetics and whitening creams will not cope with the problem.

In men

The stronger sex may also well suffer from such a common problem, but its prerequisites are somewhat different:

• Sensitive and excessively thin dermis.
• Genetics.
• Neuroses, constant stress.
• Excess estrogen.
• Lack of minerals and vitamins.
• Age over 45 years.
• Smoking, drinking alcohol, hazardous work conditions.

Some of the reasons naturally overlap with “female” ones.

Homemade tonic

Whitening tonic at home can be prepared in the following way:

1. Chop the parsley leaves.
2. Pour a glass of boiling water.
3. Keep on low heat for 15 minutes.
4. Cool.
5. Pour in 1 tsp. lemon juice or apple cider vinegar.
6. Pour into a container with a tight lid.

Wipe your face with the resulting liquid twice a day. The lotion effectively lightens freckles and age spots, gives the skin freshness, radiance, and tightens pores. The finished product should be stored in the refrigerator for no longer than two weeks. While using it, do not go outside without sunscreen.

Diagnostics

There is a huge variety of modern equipment that can be used to diagnose the nature of dark areas. In any case, you will have to pass all the necessary tests. What may be required:

• blood test (general and biochemistry);
• biopsy;
• Wood's lamp examination;
• scraping

Sometimes, after preliminary tests, the dermatologist or therapist refers you to other specialists. You should worry if the color suddenly changes, the darkening increases, itching, burning, bleeding appears, the boundaries become fuzzy and blurred. It is especially important to carry out all the research if you intend to get rid of age spots on the face that are flaking, because this may indicate an inflammatory process or transformation.

Spots in bedridden patients: red, blue, black - on the legs and body

If spots appear on the body of a bedridden elderly person, this cannot be ignored. This article lists the most common causes of stains, but it is always better to contact a specialist, even if you find a case very similar to yours. White spots

Such spots indicate insufficient blood flow to the cells and anemia. Small capillaries may stick together.

Red spots

In a bedridden elderly person, red spots signal the appearance of a bedsore, tissue death, and problems with the removal of waste products from cells.

Blue spots in a bedridden patient

Blue discoloration indicates tissue death, rupture of blood vessels, and necrosis.

Black spots

An alarming sign. The process of tissue melting deepens and affects neighboring tissues. A large abscess may form.

Blue spots only on legs

Lack of circulation in the lower extremities, blood clots and possibly respiratory failure

Marbled leather

Diseases of the nervous system, skin pathologies and impaired permeability of the vascular wall

Cadaveric spots

A symptom of approaching death in seriously ill patients. It does not always occur, but it definitely indicates the cessation of the functioning of all body systems

Removing dark areas: face control

There are many techniques and methods that will help get rid of unwanted darkening forever.

Peeling

This procedure is aimed not only at elimination, but also at correction and prevention. It can even out tone and improve skin quality. Chloasma and freckles after it become very pale, and sometimes disappear completely.

Chemical

This is the most effective peeling possible, which helps eliminate such defects. For the surface layers, regular almond, retinoic, glycolic, salicylic or milk are suitable. However, if the depth is high, you will have to use something more powerful.

Mechanical

The impact is carried out using abrasive substances that “grind” the surface. Coffee and coral peelings have proven themselves well. There is also dermabrasion, when grinding is carried out using devices with rotating elements. This method is very traumatic. Those who have very sensitive and thin skin should view the procedure with caution.

Hardware

The laser option is considered the most promising in cosmetology. It can not only eliminate pigmentation, but also wrinkles, creases, scars, scars and other irregularities. There are many contraindications to such treatment, so you should first be examined by a doctor.

Mesotherapy and biorevitalization

They are the best method to deliver antioxidants, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging substances not only to the superficial, but also to the deep layers. Both techniques are injection techniques, which use a variety of “cocktails” with the addition of ingredients that can eliminate unwanted coloring.

Phototherapy (IPL therapy)

Involves influencing particles using light. It is painless and safe, and has a small list of contraindications.

PRP therapy or autologous cellular rejuvenation

The essence of the technique is to administer to a person his own plasma, but already enriched with platelets. It can not only remove defects, but also prevent their occurrence.

Cosmetic programs for prevention and correction

Complexes of this kind will help completely eliminate the problem, having a very beneficial effect. They nourish, moisturize, whiten and even rejuvenate the skin. Usually 6-8 sessions are recommended, one or two per week.

"Kurasen"

It is very important to choose the right drug for amino acid replacement therapy for patients. CURACEN contains histidine, and its L-configuration determines the greatest bioavailability.

On the other hand, in the practice of an aesthetic medicine specialist, it is not always possible to use injection techniques - administering the drug is either impossible, or has an increased unjustified risk of an adverse reaction or complication. For example, thin and hypersensitive skin with a damaged epidermal barrier, a long period of regeneration after invasive procedures.

In such situations, it is recommended to use the biological product CURACEN Essence, which is designed for administration using non-invasive methods. The amino acid composition acts as a skin reductant. Thanks to the restoration of the protein composition of the epidermis against the background of the main therapy, the water-lipid mantle and the epidermal barrier are strengthened, which not only promotes a moisturizing effect, but also soothes the skin by reducing its sensitivity and relieving inflammatory reactions.

Clinical results show that Curasen protects cells from UV-induced damage.

Anti-age drugs

Bb Laboratories – Hyaluron-elastin-collagen extract

Laennec – solution for injection

Curacen Essence (20 fl x 2 ml)

Two-phase placental serum concentrate

How to remove pigment on the face: combating pigmentation with laser techniques

There are precedents when no method works. Then the laser comes to the rescue. At the same time, the rays do not damage the epidermis, have no side effects, act exclusively on melanin and do not affect the cells surrounding it, and after treatment the body quickly returns to normal.

The mechanism of action is not very complicated. It breaks the dyed fabric into tiny fractions, and then “knocks” them out onto the surface. Some is excreted naturally through lymph circulation, and the rest can be easily removed in any other way.

Cryotherapy

The affected areas are exposed to extreme cold using liquid nitrogen. Most often this is done using a special point sprayer, but sometimes even a cotton swab is used. The treated area is frozen, and after a few days it is completely peeled off.

Ozone therapy

The active oxygen isomer “can” significantly reduce and even eliminate the effect of fungi and viruses, accelerates metabolic processes, and has a positive effect on the regeneration of integuments and their rejuvenation. It is also used to eliminate various types of skin defects.

What groups of ingredients are used to lighten skin?

Representatives of these groups should be sought in the compositions of combination drugs.

1. Tyrosinase inhibitors – azelaic acid, arbutin, flavonoids, resveratrol .
2. Destruction and reduction of melanosomes: niacinamide, soy extracts .
3. Inhibition of DOPA and dopaquinone synthesis: kojic acid.
4. Exfoliation of the stratum corneum: AHAs and retinoids.
5. Stimulation of the conversion of melanin to leukomelanin: vitamin C, E and glabridin.

Summary : to effectively lighten pigmentation and reduce the likelihood of side effects, it is more advisable to use combined preparations containing ingredients from different groups.

Prevention

The first and main preventive measure is proper protection from the harmful effects of direct sunlight. It is worth remembering that you can safely stay under ultraviolet light for no more than 10-15 minutes, after which the risk of getting a burn increases significantly. You should always apply sunscreen to prevent problems.

The second thing that should not be forgotten is regular health checks. Don’t be afraid to visit a doctor, get tested and find out your current condition. After all, it is much easier to prevent a problem than to deal with it later. It won’t hurt to change your clothes to natural ones, throw out chafing and tight things, and lead a healthy lifestyle.

Cream mask

Dairy products have been used in cosmetology since ancient times. Cream is one of the most affordable, effective means for improving skin structure and complexion.

To eliminate pigmented areas, you can make a mask based on this product. It will require:

• 2 tbsp. cream;
• 2 tsp olive oil;
• juice squeezed from half a lemon.

Mix the cream well with the butter, then slowly add the lemon juice. Apply the mixture to the skin and wash after 15 minutes.

This mask is suitable for girls with any type of dermis. It not only whitens spots, but also saturates the epidermis with nutrients, giving the tissues softness and elasticity.