It has now been proven that the human papillomavirus is oncogenic and differ in the degree of oncogenicity. There are viruses of low (6,11,42,43,44), medium (31,33,35,51,52,58) and high risk (16,18, 45, 56) of developing cancer. One patient can have several types of HPV at the same time.
Replication of papillomavirus DNA occurs only in the cells of the basal (deep) layer of the skin and mucous membranes, therefore treatment methods aimed at removing the surface layer of the epidermis are ineffective and are accompanied by relapse of the disease . Infected cells of the basal layer serve as a constant source of infection of newly emerging epithelial cells.
Treatment of papillomavirus infection
Treatment of the identified pathology consists of removing condylomas, which must undergo histological examination, which will exclude precancerous lesions and malignancy of the formation.
Expert opinion
If PVI is detected in a woman, it is recommended that her sexual partner be examined. If a man is diagnosed with papillomavirus, treatment should be carried out on both partners.
Obstetrician-gynecologist of the highest category Oksana Anatolyevna Gartleb
It is worth noting that self-healing is never observed with PVI, so you should not delay visiting a doctor if signs of papillomavirus infection are detected. Treatment of the disease is carried out depending on the location of condylomas:
- If condylomas are located in the vagina or on the external genitalia, they are removed with a scalpel under local anesthesia. It is also possible to use cryosurgery and diathermocoagulation.
- If it is impossible to carry out surgical treatment, the cytostatic drug podophyllin is used to eliminate condylomas, however, due to its high toxicity, the use of the drug should be carried out strictly in limited doses. Podophyllin is not prescribed during pregnancy as it has serious side effects.
- Another method of treating papillomavirus infection is a CO2 laser, which allows for rapid and complete healing of the surface in the affected area.
As additional treatment measures, modern medicine requires the prescription of antiviral drugs with a broad spectrum of action, as well as drugs that enhance immunity. For example, to increase the body's defenses, you can use Gynocomfort Evening Primrose Oil. The product was developed by specialists from the pharmaceutical company VERTEX and has a package of necessary documents and quality certificates.
To prevent the onset of the disease, modern medicine today offers vaccination. Preventative vaccines prevent infection from this infection and also reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer caused by the infection.
Human papillomavirus infection in pregnant women is complicated by the inability to carry out a standard and accessible method of treatment. Prescribing podophyllin during pregnancy is unacceptable, as it leads to fetal death. The optimal solution in this case is to carry out procedures for removing condylomas using a CO2 laser and parallel measures aimed at increasing immunity.
Causes of the disease
The main reason for the appearance of human papillomavirus infection (PVI) is the penetration of the virus into the cells of the body. Most often, the infection enters the body through sexual contact, but cases of infection through household contacts have also been recorded. The causative agents of PVI are genital warts or so-called genital warts. It is noteworthy that about 60% of people are carriers of this type of virus, and the causes of human papillomavirus infection are often cases of decreased immunity, pregnancy, abortion, smoking or alcohol abuse.
Modern medicine identifies other reasons for the activation of human papillomavirus infection:
- the presence of chronic urogenital infections;
- inflammation of the genital organs;
- early sexual life;
- failure to comply with hygiene rules.
The issue of the manifestation of human papillomavirus infection in women is especially acute, since this disease carries many dangers, the main one of which is cervical cancer.
That is why timely detection and treatment of the disease is extremely important for maintaining health.
Expert opinion
It should be borne in mind that there are 170 types of papillomavirus, but only some of them tend to develop malignant neoplasms. In particular, this applies to papillomaviruses of high and medium oncogenic risk - for example, HPV 16, 18, 30, 31, etc.
Obstetrician-gynecologist of the highest category Oksana Anatolyevna Gartleb
Human papillomavirus infection, video
is not responsible for the accuracy of the information presented in this video clip.
Source - Health of the Nation Rostov-on-Don Sources:
- PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION: CLINICAL, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT. Dolgopolova I.A. // Pediatric pharmacology. – 2007. – No. 4. – P. 56-60.
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- The importance of human papillomavirus in the development of dysplastic processes of the cervix. V. N. Prilepskaya, N. I. Kondrikov, T. N. Bebneva // Gynecology. – 2000. – T. 2, No. 3. – P. 76–80.
- Human papillomavirus infection of the genitals: an urgent problem of modern gynecology and ways to solve it. I. A. Apolikhina, E. D. Denisova // Issues of gynecology, obstetrics and perinatology. – 2007. – T. 6, No. 6. – P. 70–75.
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Symptoms
Human papillomavirus infection, like any other disease, has an incubation period. With PVI, this period can be quite long and in some cases reach 9 months. The average incubation period for human papillomavirus infection is 3 months.
The main symptoms are the appearance of condylomas, which can be of several types:
- Genital warts look like pale pink formations. The most common sites of localization are the vagina, cervix, and external genitalia. They can be single or multiple, covering a significant area of the mucous membrane or skin. Such formations sometimes spread to the inguinal-femoral folds, perineum and buttocks.
- Flat condylomas are not diagnosed visually. The presence of the disease can only be detected by the results of colposcopy. In this case, papillomavirus infection is manifested by whitish formations on the epithelium, which have characteristic finger-like outgrowths, as a result of which the formations have an irregular shape. When such affected areas are treated with a 3% solution of acetic acid, a regular capillary network appears, which serves as the most characteristic criterion for diagnosing PVI.
Symptoms of human papillomavirus infection in women may not appear until the condylomas begin to grow and spread rapidly. In this case, significant discharge appears from the affected surface of the skin and mucous membrane, which causes itching and burning. When visiting a doctor, diagnosing the disease does not cause any problems, since the main symptoms of infection - condylomas and papillomas - have an extremely characteristic appearance and are easily distinguishable.
The most dangerous case is the localization of condylomas on the cervix, where they can only be detected during a gynecological examination.
Condylomas on the cervix can cause cancer.
Difficulties in diagnosing the disease can occur at the very beginning of the disease, when the affected area is quite limited and simply looks like a rough surface. In this case, the doctor must conduct a cytological and histological examination, which will exclude preinvasive carcinoma (Carcinoma) and make a diagnosis of human papillomavirus infection.
Treatment methods for human papillomavirus infection
